نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه مازندران
2 استادیار دانشگاه تهران
3 دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
زﺑﺎن ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺘﻲ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﺑﺮ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺘﻲ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻀﺎی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ اﻳﺮان، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮا ن ﻳﻜﻲ از ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬارﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪ ه ﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻛﻨ ﺶ ﻫﺎی زﺑﺎﻧﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮ زﺑـﺎﻧﻲ اﻓـﺮاد، در ﻣﻴﺎن ﻣﺠﻼت عامه ﭘﺴﻨﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻧﮕﺎه راﻳﺞ ﺑـﺮ ﻣﻔﻬـﻮم ﺟﻨـﺴﻴﺖ، ﻧﻤـﻮد ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳ ﺖ. از آ ن ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻳـﺪﺋﻮﻟﻮژی ﺣـﺎﻛﻢ، درﺻـﺪد ﺗﺰرﻳـﻖ و ﺑﻬـﺮ ه وری از ﻧﮕـﺎه ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺘﻲ ﺧﻮدﺳﺎﺧﺘ ﻪای اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ، ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﻨﺎﻓ ﻊ اش ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، و اﻳﻦ اﻣﺮ ﺧﻮد را به شکلی ﻗﺪر تﻣﻨﺪ، در ﺑﻮدن اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ اﻓﺮاد دﻳﻜﺘﻪ ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ، ﻟﺬا، ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮآن ﺷﺪﻳﻢ تا ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ و اﺳﺘﻴﻼی اﻳﻦ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ را، در ﻧﺎﺧﻮدآﮔﺎه ذﻫﻨﻲ و ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺘﻲ جامعه ی اﻳﺮان، ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن ﻗﺮار دﻫﻴﻢ. در اﻳﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از داﺳﺘﺎنﻫـﺎی ﻣﻮﺟـﻮد ، ﺑـﺎ ﭘـﺸﺘﻮاﻧ ﻪی ﻧﻈـﺮی 1386 در ﻣﺠﻼت ﻋﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﺴﻨﺪ ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ ﻣﻨﺘـﺸﺮ ﺷـﺪ ه در ﺳـﺎ لﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه از دﻳﺪﮔﺎه ﻣﻴﺸﻞ ﻓﻮﻛﻮ و روشﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻧﻮرﻣﻦ ﻓـﺮﻛﻼف، ﻣـﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻫﺮﻳـﻚ از ﻣﺘـﻮن، ﺑـﺎ ﻣﻘﻮﻟ ﻪﻫـﺎی اﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن ﻣﺮداﻧﻪ، ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻣﺮدﺳﺎﻻری، ﻧﺎ م ﮔﺬاری، ﺗﻤﻠﻚ، وﺣﺸﺖ و ﺛﺮوت، ﻣـﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ و ﺗ ﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘ ﻪاﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ی ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣـﺪه، ﺣـﺎﻛﻲ از اﻳـﻦ اﺳـﺖ ﻛـﻪ، ذﻫﻨﻴﺖ اﻓﺮاد ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ، به ﺧﺼﻮص زﻧﺎن، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻧﺎﺧﻮدآﮔـﺎﻫﻲ اﺳـﺖ ﻛـﻪ، ﺣﺎﻣـﻞ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺘﻲ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻟﺬا، آﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻨﺶﻫﺎﻳﻲ را در ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ، ﻧﻪ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎور ﺧﻮدﺷﺎن، ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺆﻛﺪ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎﻧﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ، از آﻧﻬ ﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮان اﺑﺰاری در ﺟﻬﺖ دﺳﺖﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ اﻫﺪافاش، ﺑﻬﺮه ﻣﻲﺑﺮد .
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Contrastive Interpretation of Public Persian Media A Gender-Oriented Discourse Analysis of Magazines in the Year 2007
نویسندگان [English]
- ghorbanali ebrahimi 1
- Shahram Parastesh 2
- Hassan Nasehi 3
1 Mazandaran university
2 Tehran university
3 M.A Tehran University
چکیده [English]
Gender Language which dominants the gender discourse of social climate in Iran, is one of the most influential phenomena in language and non-linguistic actions of individuals. This phenomenon has been revealed as a part of a common outlook on the concept of gender in among the popular magazines. Since the dominant ideology tries to incorporate and apply a self-constructed gender outlook that provides its interests, and since this has dictated itself powerfully in the individuals’ social being, we decided to study the influence and hegemony of this desire in the subconscious mind and the gender discourse in Iranian society. To this end, some of the stories in popular Persian magazines (published in 2007) were chosen with theoretical background taken from the Michel Foucault perspective and Norman Ferklaf methodology, the stories were then analyzed. In this study, the findings of each of the texts were analyzed with regard to the basic categories of male discourse, such as patriarchal, naming, property, wealth and fear. The findings suggest that subjectivity of people of the community, especially women, is influenced by an unconscious which carries the dominant gender discourse. Therefore, they follow actions not completely in accordance with their beliefs and desires, but rather support the discourse which is to be used as a tool for achieving the goals.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Gender
- Domination
- Critical discourse analysis
- Ideology
- Unconscious mind
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