مطالعات فرهنگی و ارتباطات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو دکتری دانشگاه تهران و عضو سابق هیات علمی دانشگاه علامه کابل افغانستان

2 دانشجوی دکتری ، دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه تهران

4 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

در این مقاله، نتایج گزارش کارگروه اجتماعی، فرهنگی و رسانه هیات ویژه گزارش ملی سیلاب‌ها در خصوص عملکرد مطبوعات، خبرگزاری‌ها، رادیو و تلویزیون، شبکه‌های اجتماعی و روابط عمومی‌ها در مدیریت بحران سیلابهای سال 98 ارزیابی و به صورت مقایسه‌ای مطالعه شده است. روش، اسنادی و از نوع «مروری» با رویکرد مقایسه‌ای در داخل و خارج از کشور بوده است. ارزیابی نتایج گزارش مذکور و مقایسه آن با دیگر مطالعات مشابه داخلی در ایران حاکی از آن است که اگرچه جنبه‌های مهمی از «مدیریت بحران» با محوریت مخاطرات طبیعی در عرصه نظری– تحلیلی، سیاستگذاری و ارائه مدل و نیز تحقیقات تجربی مبتنی بر محوریت نقش رسانه‌های مختلف در مراحل سه‌گانه بحران به صورت پراکنده و منفک همواره مورد توجه بوده، اما نکته متمایز و برجسته گزارش «رسانه» هیات ویژه گزارش ملی سیلاب‌ها، پرداختن همه‌جانبه به رسانه‌ها در سه مرحله پیش، حین و پس از بحران بوده است. همچنین مقایسه با یک نمونه خارجی در رابطه با پژوهش زلزله 2015 نپال، نقاط اتصال خوبی را با گزارش «رسانه» هیات ویژه گزارش ملی سیلابها نشان می‌دهد که از جمله آنها می توان به «عدم تمهیدات لازم برای مواقع بحرانی توسط رسانه‌ها»، «ضرورت تعامل بین مسئولان و روزنامه‌نگاران»، «سطح ضعیف آموزش رسانه‌ها»، «عدم حمایت مناسب دولت از زیرساختهای رسانه‌ای و نیز روزنامه‌نگاران»، «فقدان آموزش روزنامه‌نگاری بحران» و «نگاه سطحی رسانه‌ها به رویدادها» اشاره کرد. اگر پیشنهادهای گزارش مذکوردر سطوح مختلف مدیریتی اجرایی گردد، می‌توان انتظار داشت سازمانها و رسانه‌های ایرانی در بحرانهای بعدی بتوانند بر اساس ساختار و ماهیت خود، نقش موثرتری ایفا کنند.

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