Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Ph.D Student, Department of History and Civilization of Islamic Nations, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
2 Associate professor, Department of History and Civilization of Islamic Nations, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
The Muslim Brotherhood is the most important Islamist organization of the twentieth century, which has undergone a transition from moderate fundamentalism to Hassan al-Banna to radical fundamentalism of Sayyid Qottab, and then has experienced the gradual movement towards Islamism based on the values of civil society. The present research focuses on the evolution of the theoretical and practical approach of Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood since its inception in 1928 until the Egyptian revolution in 2011.
The invitation and guidance that was cleverly provided with relief provided a base for popular understanding and social interaction of the Brotherhood. Multilateral relations with the Egypt's Khadivi autocratic government and the totalitarian republic after the coup and the nationalists of pan-Arabism and communist forces and Islamism parties, was inclined the organization to kind of social and political Tolerance. The unbridled repressions and illegal punishment of the Brotherhood by the pre and post-coup regime, Increased the Brotherhood's belief in legalism and led them to formulate a law based on the defense of the rights of all groups and citizens with any tendency. Eventually, the social realism of the organization led to a major transformation in the view of the Brotherhood toward its desirable government. The Muslim Brotherhood, several days before the victory of the 2011 Revolution, called for the establishment of a civil government with the authority of Islam.
The present article has been done through descriptive-exploratory research through documentary gathering.
Keywords
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