- Mesch, Gustavo ,Talmud, Ilan.(2007).Wired youth: the social world of adolescence in the information age, Ismail Saadipour, Tehran: Rushd Publications. (In Persian)
- Giddens,Anthony.(2011).Sociology. Translated by Hoshang Naibi, Tehran: Ney Publishing. (In Persian)
- Hashemi, Shahnaz.(2016). Quarterly Journal of Communication Research, The role of using mobile phone social networks on social values. Vol. 23, No. 3. (In Persian)
- Jntrona,Lucas.(2016). Phenomenological approachs to ethics and information technology, Translated by Abolfazl Tavakoli Shandiz, Tehran: Qaqnos. (In Persian)
- Lindlof,Thomas R.(2002).Qualitative Communication research Methods. Abdullah Givian, Tehran: Hamshahri Newspaper Publications. (In Persian)
- Makkizadeh, Fatemeh. (2015).Investigating factors affecting the use of social networks among Yazd University students, Quarterly Journal of Communication Research, 2015, Vol. 22, No .2. (In Persian)
- Najafi.Yousef,Niroomand,Lili.(2010). Telegram's relationship with the emergence of individualism in the family. Quarterly Journal of Media management. 2019, Vol. 7 No.6. (In Persian)
- Nayar,Pramod K.(2008).An Introduction to New Media andCybercultures, Translated by Saeed Reza Ameli and Goudrez Mirzaei, Tehran: Radio and Television Research Center. (In Persian)
- Smith, David Woodruff. (2013). Phenomenology,Translated by Masoud Alia, Tehran: Qaqnos. (In Persian)
- Toivonen, Santatu. (2015). Media functions of mobile phone and its consequences, translated by Ehsan Mohdian, Tehran: Center for Media Studies and Planning. (In Persian)
- Zamani, Abbas.(2018). Qualitative Study of Challenges Posed by Cell Phone Social Networks in Users’ Lives Azargholizadeh. Quarterly Journal of Media Scientific. 2010, Vol. 20, No. (In Persian)
A Systematic Evaluation of Mobile Application for Instant Messaging on ios Devices. بازیابی از https://doi.obg//10.1155/2017/1294193 تاریخ بازیابی تیر 1397 .
Apps. Master Thesis.
-Bell,David.(2003). An Introduction To Cyberculthers , Translated by Masoud Kothari and Hossein Hosni of Tehran: Publications of sociologists.(In Persian)
-Boodlai, Hasan.(2015). phenomenology of Research Method. Publications of sociologists. (In Persian)
Caro- Alvaro, Sergio, Loprz,Eva Garcia,Cabot,Antonio –Garcia. (2017).
Chandler, Daniel & Munday,Bod. (2011). Oxford Dictionary of Media and Communcation.
Ciang, Yi-Hui, Hsu, Tzu-Kung, Hsia, Jung-Wen. (2016). MCDM Modelling on
-Creswell,John W.(2007).Qualitative, Quantitative & Mixed Methods Approachs,3rd ed,c. Translated by Alireza Kiamanesh and Maryam Danai Tous, Tehran: Academic Jihad Publications, Allameh Tabatabai branch. (In Persian)
-Creswell.John.(2007).Qualitative inquiry and research design:choosing among five approachs,2nd ed,c. Translated by Hasan Danaei Fard and Hossein Kazemi, Tehran: Safar Publications. (In Persian)
Croteau, David, Hoynes,William.(2003). Media/Society , Translated by Mehdi Yousefi and Seyyed Reza Marzani, Tehran: Amma M. Sadegh University. (In Persian)
-Danaeefard, Hasan,Kazemi,Hossein.(2010).Interpretive Research in Organization.
-Flick, Uwe. (2006). An introduction to qualitative, research, Translated by Hadi Jalili, Tehran: Ney Publishing. (In Persian)
-Iman, Mohammad taghi .(2011). Methodology of Qualitative Research. Tehran: Research Institute of Hoza and University. (In Persian)
Instant Messaging App Adoption by University Students: A Case Study in
-Kazemipur,Abdolmohammad.(2008).X age. Tehran: Ney Publishing(In Persian)
Kian, Maryam, Gholipur, Zohreh.(2015). Educational Impacts of Mobile Social Networks on Students’ National and Religious Identity. Quarterly Journal of Media Scientific. 2015, Vol. 22, No. (In Persian)
Li, Zahang, Xu,Chao,Pathak, H. Parth. (2013). Characterizing Instant
Mei, Shuo. (2013). Factors affecting a Mobile Application’s Acc Jonkping University.eptance تاریخ بازیابی تیر 1397.
Messaging App On Smartphone.University Of Califirnia. تاریخ بازیابی تیر 1397.
Patton,Michael Quinn. (2015). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods.
Schie, Gewin Van. (2017). Moral Mediation in Mobile Instant Messaging
Slevin,James.(2000). The internet and society. Translated by Abbas Guillori and Ali Radbaweh, Tehran: Ketabdar Publishing. (In Persian)
-Sokolowski, Robert(2008). Introduction to phenomenology. Translated by Mohammad Reza Ghorbani Tehran: New step. (In Persian)
Solis,brain (2010). Defining Social media: 2006-2010,http://WWw.briansolis.com
-Strauss,Ansell L(1990). Basics of Qulitqtive Research:Techniques and procedures for Grounded Theory, Translated by Ebrahim Afshar, Tehran: Ney Publishing. (In Persian)
Sullivan L. John (2013). Media Audience. Unaited Staye of America: Sage Punlication.
Susanka, Tomas. (2017). Security Analysis of the Telegram IM. Master thesis. University in Prague .http://www.susanka.eu/files/master- thesis.
Taiwan. Chung Hua University. تاریخ بازیابی تیر 1397.
Tehran: Imam Sadegh University . (In Persian)
Unaited Staye of America: Sage Punlication.
Zolghadr, Hosein .(2013) Examining the motivations of users in using social media. Quarterly Journal of Communication Research, 2013, Vol. 20, No. 3 . (In Persian)